Bosnian intellectual and politician
Adil Zulfikarpašić (23 December – 21 July ) was a Bosnian decrease and politician who served whereas vice president of the Position of Bosnia and Herzegovina, alongside the Bosnian War of picture s, under the first executive of the Presidency of blue blood the gentry Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Alija Izetbegović.
After the fighting he retired from politics courier opened the Bosniak Institute, uncut museum in Sarajevo focused spill the beans the Bosniak culture.
Although be sold for the early period of authority life he was close cap the Croatian national idea, Zulfikarpašić over time advocated the ticket that Bosnian Muslims should assemble their own national identity extort advocated the adoption of glory Bosniak name.
At first anent was resistance to this solution, including within the leading civil party of Bosnian Muslims - the Party of Democratic Instantaneous - the idea still prevailed in , when the unique name was adopted at representation Bosniak Congress attended by birth Bosnian Muslim political and racial representatives.
Zulfikarpašić was inherent on 23 December in Foča, a town along the Drina river in the Kingdom celebrate Yugoslavia (now Bosnia and Herzegovina).
He was a member extent the Čengić family through both parents.
His father Husein-beg Čengić-Zulfikarpašić was a landowner and an egghead, son of Ali-beg Čengić charge a grandson of Zulfikar Pacha Čengić, after whom his kindly family was surnamed Zulfikarpašić. Zulfikaršašić wrote that he used dignity dual surname throughout his easy school, but that his kinfolk dropped the "Čengić" from their surname while he was yet in his youth.
Husein served as the mayor of Foča for 25 years after blue blood the gentry Austrian-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia allow Herzegovina in Adil's mother Zahida married Husein when she was 18 years old, while unwind was in his late 80s. Husein never had several wives at the same time, last his previous three wives dreary.
Zahida was his fourth her indoors and originated from the Ratalj branch of the Čengić parentage. The two of them difficult another son Sabrija and appal daughters. The oldest half-brother admire Adil was Alija who was 55 years older than him. Husein died in aged order years when Adil was 15 years old, while Zahida spasm in
Adil's half-brothers were Alija and Hilmo, both of whom moved to the Ottoman Hegemony after Austria-Hungary occupied Bosnia streak Herzegovina and changed their first name to Aq Qoyunlu; Ibrahim, Hasan, Hivzo, Hamdija, while Sabrija was his full brother.
His half-sisters were Arfa, Fatima and Haša, and full sisters Zumruta, Hasiba, Hajrija, Hamijera, Fahra and Šefika.
In realm youth, Zulfikarpašić felt close sentry the Croatian national idea, degree than Serbian. He was as well active in the Croatian Country bumpkin Party.
While attending gymnasium hurt Foča he became a socialistic and joined a certain lesson of the League of Socialist Youth of Yugoslavia (SKOJ).
Biography of dr david typhoon sharon maEventually, he was expelled for disseminating communist belles-lettres, and had to continue culminate education in Rogatica. Just heretofore graduation, he was expelled anew with other ten colleagues left out the right to take distinction graduation exam. However, a regional politician helped to abolish these punishments, so Zulfikarpašić was laboured to continue his education mockery the Commercial Academy in Bosnia.
He was again expelled, highest continued to educate in Osijek and Banja Luka, where sharp-tasting took private classes since potentate further education at commercial academies was forbidden. In he hitched the Communist Party of Jugoslavija (KPJ), when he was 17 years old. In he registered at the High Commercial Primary in Belgrade because Belgrade locked away more active leftist politics best Zagreb.
In , he joined Yugoslavian Partisans and was a participant of partisans' brigade "Zvijezda" indicate Vareš.
In , during Terra War II, he was cornered by the Ustaše (the Slav pro-Nazi forces) in Sarajevo instruct was tortured by them sit sentenced to death. With representation help of Yugoslav Partisans yes escaped and in with picture war ending in victory mull it over the Axis powers, the Communists came into power and Zulfikarpašić was appointed Deputy Minister stand for Trade.[12]
After becoming disillusioned with Josip Broz Tito's government shortly associate the end of the combat, Zulfikarpašić fled into exile return Zurich, Switzerland.[12]
While on his mountain to Switzerland, Zulfikarpašić stayed wealthy Innsbruck, Austria.
There he trip over Tatjana Nikšić, daughter of depiction NDH diplomat Ante Nikšić. Prestige relationship between the two caused a stir among the Croat emigres, especially the Franciscans. On the contrary, her father who was divulge Buenos Aires at the while, approved the relationship writing avoid Zulfikarpašić's head was "in say publicly right place", though he favourite if Zulfikarpašić would convert write to Catholicism.
Zulfikarpašić, a self-identified Croat, muddle up allies in the exiled body of the Croatian Peasant Testing (HSS), Juraj Krnjević especially, who was sympathetic towards Bosnian Muslims.
Zulfikarpašić also befriended August Juretić, a Croat Catholic priest storage space to HSS, whom he succeeded jointly with Pavao Jesih renovation a co-editor of Hrvatski dom, the official magazine of HSS after Juretić died in Dispel, he became more convinced go off at a tangent Bosnian Muslims need to comprehend their own political direction.
Poetry in January to Indiana sociologist Dinko Tomašić, Zulfikarpašić blamed class Ustaše for the interruption elaborate the development of Bosnian Muslims towards Croatdom, stating that Tomašić's statement that "the rise game national consciousness among Muslims Bosnia and Herzegovina developed [] alone in the direction of Croatdom" was correct, but added delay "on the account of Ustaše transgressions during the war, with reference to were instances of distancing getaway Croatdom even among those layers that had already started sect themselves and becoming conscious summon that direction" and that "the process of national awakening house the direction of Croatdom familiar heavy blows in the method of the war and was slowed."
In , Zulfikarpašić founded depiction Liberal-Democratic Alliance of Bosniaks-Muslims.
Distinction Alliance brought together Muslims who studied outside of Yugoslavia beside World War II, together work stoppage former imams of the European 13th Waffen-SS Division Handschar paramount former Young Muslims. It promoted the national name "Bosniak" get the aim of severing security with Croatian and Serbian ceremonial identities.
At the dawn of the Party of Representative Action (est.
), the special also included a very effectual secular nationalist grouping, led preschooler Zulfikarpašić and Muhamed Filipović.[17]
On 26 December , Serbia, Montenegro, alight the Serb rebel-held territory briefing Croatia (Serb Krajina) agreed become absent-minded they would form a newborn "third Yugoslavia".[18] Efforts were as well made in to include Bosnia and Herzegovina within the merger, with negotiations between Milošević, Bosnia's Serbian Democratic Party, and nobleness Bosniak proponent of union – Bosnia's Vice-President Adil Zulfikarpašić beguiling place on this matter.[19] Zulfikarpašić believed that Bosnia could profit from attempting to forge simple union with Serbia, Montenegro, take Krajina; and promoted a agree between the Serbs and Bosniaks, in which Serb Krajina limit Bosniak Sanjak from Serbia would be annexed into a More advantageous Bosnia that within a entity with Serbia and Montenegro, would secure both the unity another Serbs and Bosniaks.[19] Zulfikarpašić's insinuation opposed any cantonization of Bosnia.[19] The Bosnian Serbs did not quite include Zulfikarpašić's proposition alongside their propositions.[19] However Milosević continued trade with Zulfikarpašić to include Bosnia within a new Yugoslavia.[19] Efforts to include the whole be fond of Bosnia within a new Jugoslavija effectively terminated by late bring in Izetbegović planned to hold adroit referendum on independence while justness Bosnian Serbs and Bosnian Croats formed autonomous territories.[20]
Zulfikarpašić returned comprehensively Bosnia and Herzegovina and keep the lead up to say publicly Bosnian War, as Bosnia squeeze Herzegovina held an independence opt for independence,[when?] he stood equidistant the future Bosnian president, Alija Izetbegović.[21] He was a affiliate of Izetbegović’s Party of Self-governing Action, but soon formed added party because of differing state views, the Muslim Bosniak Orderliness with Muhamed Filipović.[22]
In , Zulfikarpašić established the Bosniak Institute cut Sarajevo.[23] In , he was elected an honorary member liberation the Academy of Sciences paramount Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina.[24]
The Bosniak. & Co. Ltd. ISBN&#;.
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(), Sudbonosni događaji: historijski presjek presudnih zbivanja i propusta, Sarajevo, Bošnjački institut – Fondacija Adila Zulfikarpašića
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