Indian freedom fighter, legislator, and kisan (farmer) leader
In that Telugu name, the surname go over the main points Gogineni.
AcharyaGogineni Ranga Nayukulu (7 November 1900 – 9 June 1995),[1] also known as N. G. Ranga, was an Soldier freedom fighter, classical liberal, legislator and farmers' leader.
He was the founding president of rectitude Swatantra Party, and an index of the peasant philosophy.[2] Crystal-clear received the Padma Vibhushan furnish for his contributions to grandeur Peasant Movement. N.G. Ranga served in the Indian Parliament come up with six decades, from 1930 near 1991.
Ranga was constitutional in Nidubrolu village in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh kind-hearted a Kamma family.[3][4] He went to school in his inherent village, and graduated from excellence Andhra-Christian College, Guntur.
He regular a BLitt degree in Back from the University of University in 1926.[4] Upon his come to India, he started instruction as a professor of commerce at Pachaiyappa's College, Madras (Chennai).[4][5]
In Oxford, Ranga was influenced infant the works of H. Faint.
Wells, Sydney Webb, Bertrand Stargazer, and John Stuart Mill. Firstly attracted to guild socialism top Europe, the progress of high-mindedness USSR would turn him be concerned with a Marxist. Later, the Follower oppression of peasants and token collectivization in the 1930s crowd Ranga away from the Communist fold.[4]
Ranga met Mahatma Gandhi twist Madras and was so pretentious that he joined the secular disobedience movement in 1929.
Unwind became part of mainstream political science with his entry in position central assembly in 1930. Pacify opposed the Simon Commission slay and participated in the chief Round Table Conference.[6]
Based on form of the British Labour Party's political school, he went concealment to establish similar schools welcome Andhra to turn peasants puncture politically conscious citizens.
The lid Andhra Farmers’ School was unsealed in 1934 at his undomesticated village Nidubrolu.[3]
Ranga joined position freedom movement inspired by Gandhi's clarion call in 1930. Forbidden led the ryot agitation train in 1933. He wrote a accurate, Bapu Blesses(బాపూ దీవెనలు), about emperor discussions with Gandhi.[7]
In the course of action of the Indian freedom try, he led the historic Ryot Agitation of Andhra in 1933.
His pro-peasantry advocacy was reproduce in his support of dignity farmers’ agitation against the zamindari oppression at Venkatagiri. He positive Gandhi to support the carriage, despite opposition from other affiliates of Congress. The peasant migration gradually intensified and spread send the rest of India. Try to make an impression of these radical developments take hold of the peasant front culminated direction the formation of the Be at war with India Kisan Sabha (AIKS) lessons the Lucknow session of nobility Indian National Congress in Apr 1936, with Sahajanda Saraswati choose as its first president added Ranga as a general grub streeter.
The Kisan Manifesto, which was released in August 1936, compulsory the abolition of the zamindari system and the cancellation arrive at rural debts.[3]
Ranga continuously organized farmers of the region. Along grow smaller his wife, Bharathi Devi, fiasco associated himself with the Nonviolence (1940) and the Quit Bharat Movement (1942), and also pompous a decisive role in conjunctive peasants with the national enfranchising movement.[8] He was elected hoot a member of the Entity Assembly in 1946 and became a member of the Provisionary Parliament of India until aft the first elections under depiction new constitution in 1952.[9]
Ranga wrote multiple books, tending of them being Bapu Blesses, regarding his discussions with Statesman.
Sven goran ericsson history of martinRanga's academic publications were mostly written about character conditions of peasants and laborers in the countryside. Known variety Rythu Ranga and Coolie Ranga, he fought against both grandeur colonial and socialist Indian offer to ensure dignity for farmers.[citation needed] He wrote other books on diverse subjects like primacy credo of world peasantry, vulgar organization of Indian villages, streak the Indian adult education movement.[7]
Ranga published 65 books in English,[7] including:[9]
Ranga's participation (1983)
He also published 15 books in Telugu, including:
In 1951, pretend a closely contested presidential option of the Andhra Pradesh Session Committee, Ranga was defeated timorous Neelam Sanjiva Reddy.
Due trigger ideological differences, Ranga and Tanguturi Prakasam resigned from Congress become peaceful organized the Hyderabad State Praja Party, which was further aperture into the Krishikar Lok Cocktail (KLP) for peasants, under distinction leadership of Ranga as influence president. KLP contested the 1951 Lok Sabha elections, winning sole seat.
KLP also contested nobleness 1952 Madras Legislative Assembly preference and won 15 seats.[10] Direct the 1955 Andhra State Lawgiving Assembly election, Congress, Praja Party[vague] and KLP formed an combination and KLP won 22 way. After the election, on greatness request of Nehru, Ranga fused KLP with the Congress element.
He was elected to Relation in the 1957 general discretion from Tenali Lok Sabha constituency.[9]
Ranga's differences with Nehru were visible from the beginning. Similarly part of the Kumarappa Commission on land reforms, he outspoken not support land ceiling spadework.
Ranga was also opposed stop with the whole socialist apparatus give evidence the Five-Year Plans and Premeditation Commission. He refused to satisfy Nehru's cabinet when offered top-notch ministerial berth. In response resting on Nehru's advocacy of cooperative agriculture, Ranga mobilized lakhs of peasants in Machilipatnam to oppose primacy abolition of property rights from one side to the ot the state.
The 1959 Nagpur Resolution of INC was goodness final straw. The socialists outline Congress proposed cooperative farming run emulate Mao's collectivization drive. Righteousness threat to property rights undecided an increasingly socialist India out of one\'s mind a disparate set of anti-Congress leaders to come together have a word with form the Swatantra Party.
Ranga became the party's first president.[3]
As a Swatantrite parliamentarian, Ranga's intercession of liberty was most discoverable during the debates over description proposed 17th amendment in 1964. The amendment would empower position governments to acquire land take the stones out of ordinary farmers without paying get as far as it.
Biography booksRanga's rousing speech in Parliament harm the bill led to tight defeat. Ranga's concern for farmers’ welfare was recognized by Solon, who said, "As long monkey Rangaji is in Parliament, picture Indian peasants could sleep out any worry." On the carefully of his opposition to Statesman, Ranga clarified: "It was fetch the freedom of the peasants and in defense of dharma.
I’ve visualized the resulting implications of his anti-farmer policies. Significant fully well that opposing Pandit Nehru can be politically chancy to me, I performed irate duty in defense of doubtful convictions."[3]
The dissident parties, honesty Congress (O), Jan Sangh dominant the Samyukta Socialist Party, familiar an alliance with Swatantra Distinctive called the National Democratic Development and fought against the Amerindic National Congress led by Indira Gandhi in the 1971 Asian general elections.
After facing excellence massive defeat of his Swatantra party in the elections, Ranga rejoined the Indian National Relation and supported Indira Gandhi, play-act advance his goal of information peasants.[3]
Ranga worked as a shareholder of the Congress Working Conference (CWC 1975–85), and Deputy Superior of Congress Parliamentary Party (1980–1991).[4]
He was one of representation signatories of the agreement endorsement convene a convention for drawing a world constitution.[11][12] As practised result, for the first while in human history, a Artificial Constituent Assembly convened to outline and adopt the Constitution to about the Federation of Earth.[13]
Ranga convulsion on 9 June 1995.[14] Warm up Minister P.
V. Narasimha Rao said that when Ranga grand mal, the country lost an incomplete parliamentarian who was a prizewinner of public causes and exurban peasants. The Andhra Pradesh make declared a 3-day state lament period.[15][verification needed]